儿童矮小617例病因分析

Etiologic analysis of 617 children with short stature

【目的】分析儿童矮小的病因,为临床诊治提供参考依据。【方法】矮小儿童共617例,其中男428例(69.37%),女189例(30.63%),平均年龄9.67岁。对其进行全面的病史采集、体格检查及相关实验室检查。【结果】内分泌疾病267例,占43.27%,其中生长激素缺乏症204例、多种垂体激素缺乏症5例、甲状腺功能减低症30例、性早熟28例;体质性生长发育延迟82例,占13.29%;特发性矮小76例,占12.32%;遗传代谢性疾病61例,占9.88%;宫内发育迟缓56例,占9.08%;家族性矮小54例,占8.75%;余为营养不良等疾病。【结论】儿童矮小病因多样,内分泌疾病是主要原因,其中生长激素缺乏症是最常见疾病。选择相关实验室检查是确定病因的重要手段。

[Objective] To explore the etiologic investigation of 617 children with short stature. [Methods] Six hundred and seventeen children were collected, among them 428 were males（69. 37）, 189 were females（30. 63%）, the average age was 9.67 years. All of the children were collected detail medical history and taken both physical and laboratory examination. [Results] Two hundred and sixty-seven （43.27%） cases were diagnosed endocrine diseases, including 204 cases （33.06%） of growth hormone deficiency （GHD）, 30 cases （4.86%） of hypothyroidism, 28 cases （4.54%） of puberty precocity. 5 cases （0.81%） of multiple pituitary hormone deficiency. 82 cases （13.29 % ） were diagnosed as constitutional delay of growth and puberty. 76 cases （12.32 %） were diagnosed as idiopathic short stature. 61 cases （9.88%） were diagnosed as hereditary and metabolic diseases, 56 cases （9.08%） were diagnosed as small for gestational age. 54 cases （8. 75%） were diagnosed as familial short stature. The rest of the short statures were attributed for malnutrition, etc. [Conclusions] The causes of short stature are multifarious. Endocrine diseases are main cause of short stature. GHD is a common disease among them. It is a very important procedure to select valuable laboratory examination for identifying the etiology.