青海湟水谷地玉米最适收获期及其秸秆的调制利用

THE OPTIMUM HARVEST DATE OF MAIZE AT HUANGSHUI, QINGHAI PROVINCE AND TREATMENT AND UTILIZATION OF ITS STRAW

对青海湟水谷地玉米最适收获期及加工调制利用进行了研究，结果表明：玉米最适收获期为９月２８日，此时植株绿色叶片至少保留在３片以上，籽实蛋白质和秸秆蛋白质总产量达到最大值（１０５７．６ｋｇ／ｈｍ２）。青贮、黄贮和秸秆粉发酵处理分别提高蛋白质含量８６．２％、６７．５％和１０３．４％。青贮、黄贮饲喂奶牛，日产奶量分别提高２０．３％和１５．６％，节约精料０．２９和０．２７ｋｇ／（ｄ·头），获毛利８．２７和７．２５元／（ｄ·头）。发酵玉米秸秆粉代替３０％精料喂猪，与对照有同样的饲喂效果，头均日节约精料０．６５ｋｇ。

The optimum harvest date of maize and its processing treatment and utilization at Huangshui, Qinghai Province were studied. The results showed that the optimum harvest date was on 28 September and at that time there were green leaves more than 3, the total yield of seeds protein and straw protein reached the biggest value 1 057.6 kg/hm 2. Silage, ammonification and yeastiness of straw meal could increase the contents of protein by 86.2%, 67.5% and 103.4%, respectively. The daily milk production increased by 20.3% and 15.6%. Using silage and ammonification feeding milk cow, the concentrated feeding stuff could be saved 0.29 and 0.27 kg/(d·head), gross profits were 8.27 and 7.25 yuan/(d·head). Feeding pigs with yeasting straw meal instead of 30% concentrated feeding stuff, the effect was the same as the control. The concentrated feeding stuff could be saved 0.65 kg.