生活垃圾微生物堆肥水溶性有机物光谱特性研究

Study on Fluorescence Characteristics of Dissolved Organic Matter during Municipal Solid Wastes Composting with Inoculation Microbes

利用外源微生物(MS,ZJ)进行城市生活垃圾工厂化堆肥,在堆肥前后对水溶性有机物的紫外、红外、荧光光谱进行了分析,探讨外源微生物堆肥对水溶性有机光谱学特性的影响。结果表明,堆肥结束后,不同处理水溶性有机物紫外、红外、荧光光谱形状基本相似,但特征峰强度有明显区别。与CK相比,接种微生物处理堆肥后,水溶性有机物紫外光谱280nm附近类肩峰明显减弱;红外光谱解析表明,水溶性有机物中小分子糖类物质减少,芳族类物质增加;荧光同步扫描光谱进一步证实,水溶性有机物中多环芳族类化合物增加,其荧光光谱特征峰与污泥中富里酸相似。试验结果证实,接种外源微生物可明显增加堆肥水溶性有机物芳构化程度,各处理芳构化程度依次为:MS+ZJ>ZJ>MS>CK。

Dissolved organic matter （DOM） of municipal solid waste （MSW） consists of minerals, water, ash and humic substances, and is known to enhance plant growth. In the present study, inoculating microbes （ZJ, MS） were used in municipal solid wastes composting, and the composting process was assisted using industrial technology. During composting, DOM was extracted from compost and purified. The spectroscopic characteristics of the DOM were determined using UV, FTIR, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The result showed that at the final stage of composting, the UV, FTIR and fluorescence spectra were similar in shape among all treatments, but the characteristic peaks intensities were different compared with the control process （CK） with no inoculation microbes, and the DOM spectral characteristics of inoculation with microbes showed that the shoulder peak of UV spectra near 280 nm obviously weakened; The FTIR spectrum exhibited a reduction in polysaccharides, and a relative increase in aromatic components; the fluorescence spectra exhibited an increase in aromatic compounds, and the fluorescence spectra of DOM were similar to that of fulvic acid in sewage sludge. Indeed, the UV, FTIR and fluorescence spectra all led to the same conclusion, i.e. treatments by inoculation with microbes led to a greater degree of aromatization of DOM than in CK, in the following order： MS＋ZJ〉ZJ〉MS〉CK. At final stage of MSW composting, the DOM spectra of the mixed inoculation of MSW with MS and ZJ was more similar to fulvic acid in sludge. It was indicated that DOM from composting with inoculation MS and ZJ has more activity than that of other treatments.