字母词在当代汉语中使用状况的分析

Analysis of the Use of Alphabetic Words In Chinese

随着科学技术的迅猛发展以及国际交流的日益加深,加之互联网的促动,当代汉语与外语特别是英语的接触进入了前所未有的深广阶段。当代汉语中出现了大量的字母词。字母词是一个原型概念,根据字母词的概念原型,求证出字母词的4个形式指标,由此我们可以得出字母词的15种基本形式。外文原词不具有字母词的任何形式指标,不是字母词。六百万字样本语料库共出现字母词6068词次;平均每种报纸每天出现144.48词次字母词。新闻语体中字母词的平均使用密度为0.711。科技领域的使用密度最高,其次是教育领域;再次是经济领域,军事领域和政法领域使用密度最低。字母词的使用密度和文章领域相关,和地域及报纸性质不相关。

With the rapid development of science and technology, international exchange and internet,the contact of languages, especially of Chinese and English, has stepped into a prehistorically deep and wide stage. There appear many alphabetic words in current Chinese. Alphabetic words are prototype concept, from which we have got 4 formal standards and 15 basic forms. There are 6068 alphabetic words in 6,000,000 word corpus, the average number in every newspaper is 144. 48 per day. The average density in news style is 0. 711. The highest density is in scientific field, the second is in educational field, then comes the economic field, the lowest density is in political and law field. The use density of alphabetic words is connected with the article, not with the area and newspaper.