莱州湾三疣梭子蟹的生化遗传分析

Biochemical genetic analysis of Portunus trituberculatus

采用聚丙烯酰胺不连续凝胶垂直板电泳技术对三疣梭子蟹的同工酶进行检测。分析了13种同工酶在莱州湾三疣梭子蟹肌肉中的表达情况,并对同工酶的表型进行了生化遗传分析。结果表明,13种同工酶有22个基因位点编码,其中Ldh-1,Me-3,Gdh-1,Sdh-1,G6pd-1和Sod-3共6个位点是多态的,多态位点百分数是27.3%。三疣梭子蟹的平均每个位点的等位基因的有效数目Ae为1.2270,平均每个位点的预期杂合度He为0.1170,实际杂合度Ho为0.2159。同时还分析了三疣梭子蟹的各个多态位点的Hardy-Weinberg偏离指数:Ldh-1、Me-3和Sod-3的d值都为1.0000,Gdh-1、Sdh-1和G6pd-1的d值分别为0.5047、0.8726和0.0597。这些数据表明,莱州湾三疣梭子蟹的种质资源还处于较好的状态。

Expressions of isozymes in muscle of Portunus trituberculatus collected from Laizhou Bay were detected with the technique of vertical polyacrylamide gels electrophoresis. Thirteen isozymes （MDH, LDH, ME, ADH, SDH, EST, SOD, POD, IDH, GDH, G6PD, PGM, SCD） were examined, with their genetypes being recorded. Then biochemical genetics analysis was conducted according to the locus number, alleles etc. The results indicated that the 13 isozymes had 22 loci, among them 6 loci, including Ldh-1, Me-3, Gdh-1, Sdh-1, G6pd-1 and Sod-3, were polymorphisc, the mean percentage of polymorphic loci （P） being 27.3 %. The mean effective number of alleles per locus （Ae） is 1. 227 0;the mean expected heterozygosi- ty per locus （He） is 0. 117 0; and the mean observed heterozygosity per locus （Ho） is 0. 215 9. In addition, the deviation indexes of each polymorphic locus from Hardy-Weinberg （d value） were also calculated. All of the data indicated that the Portunus trituberculatus had higher genetic variability.