首都地区心理门诊就诊人群状况调查(1)

The Research on the Patients in the Psychological Clinic of the Capital Area

目的:对首都地区精神卫生专科医院、综合医院、高等院校三类心理门诊的就诊人群进行调查,以期获得就诊人群疾患分布特点以及接受治疗方式的资料。方法:采用分层问卷调查法对就诊人群进行调查。结果:高校中就诊者表述的咨询原因主要为心理问题、人际婚恋问题、和情绪低落(三者合计占64.1%),精神专科医院以焦虑紧张、情绪低落和精神病性症状为常见(58.6%),综合医院以情绪焦虑紧张、情绪低落、睡眠障碍和神经衰弱为主(54.7%)。高校中89.3%未做出明确印象诊断,与SCID-Ⅰ评估一致性较低(46.2%)。精神专科医院以及综合医院心理门诊中抑郁症与神经症多见,两者与SCID-Ⅰ评估一致性分别为85.7%和71.1%。高校中主要为单纯心理治疗(98.4%),精神专科医院中心理治疗合并药物治疗以及单纯心理治疗多见。综合医院中单纯药物治疗以及心理治疗合并药物治疗多见。结论:三类心理门诊就诊人员的疾患分布特点以及接受治疗的方式明显不同。

Objective： The aim of this research is to investigate the population of patients in psychological clinic of psychiatric hospital, general hospital and university in Capital area, in order to obtain the data about the distribution feature of the patients and the way they receiving the treatment. Methods： We use stratified questionnaire study and make the diagnosis according to DSM-IV. Results： The main complaints in university psychological clinic are the psychological problems, interpersonal and marital problems and depressed mood （altogether amount to 64.1%）. In psychiatric hospital there are anxiety, depressed mood and psychotic symptoms （58.6%）. In general hospital, anxiety, depressed mood and sleep disorder and neurasthenic （54.7%）are dominating. In university they did not provide the definite diagnosis, in psychological clinic of psychiatric hospital and general hospital, depression and neurosis are primary diagnosis. Psychological clinic in university mainly provide single psychological treatment （98.4%）. In the psychiatric hospital, psychological treatment combined with drug treatment and single psychological treatment is dominating. In the general hospital, single drug treatment and psychological treatment combined with drug treatment are leading. Conclusion： The distribution feature of the patient and the way they receiving the treatment are quite different in three kinds of psychological clinic.