重症监护病房感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析

Bacteria Isolated in Intensive Care Unit and Their Antibiotic Resistance Analysis

目的了解本院重症监护病房(ICU)医院获得性细菌感染的流行病学及细菌耐药情况的变化。方法对本院ICU2003年2月至2006年4月所分离致病菌的菌群分布及其耐药情况进行回顾性分析。结果共分离出细菌398株。感染菌中革兰阴性杆菌占60.3%,非发酵菌为最主要病原菌,占分离菌的33.7%,革兰阳性球菌占23.9%,真菌15.8%。感染菌呈多重耐药。结论非发酵菌已成为ICU感染的最常见病原菌,对头孢三代类药物耐药严重,加强耐药监测,合理使用抗生素对有效控制ICU感染十分重要。

[ObjectivelTo establish the prevalence of nosocomial bacterial infection and resistance in a comprehensive intensive care unit（ICU）. [Methods]Retrospective analysis was made to the distribution of bacteria and drug resistance situation of ICU in our hospital[Results]Of all cultured bacteria, 60.3% were gram-negative bacteria and 33.7% were non-zymophyte. Gram-positive bacteria were accounted for 23.9%, and 15.8% of the bacteria were fungii. All the bacteria were of multidrug resistance. [Conclusion]Non-zymophytes are the maior pathogenic bacteria and they are strongly resistant to the third generation cephalosporins. Drug resistance monitoring and reasonable application of the antibiotics are important to control infection effectively.