岩溶富水隧道超前地质预报技术——以宜(昌)万(州)铁路金子山隧道为例

Preact Forecast Technology for Geology of Tunnel in Rich Water Karst Area——Taking Jinzishan Tunnel of Yichang-Wanzhou Railway for Example

岩溶富水隧道施工中对隧道掌子面前方一定范围内的地质情况进行超前探测和预测预报是保证隧道施工安全的关键技术。在宜万铁路金子山隧道岩溶富水区施工中,引进了TSP203隧道地质超前预报系统、红外线测水仪等先进仪器进行多途径超前地质预报。针对当前物理探测存在的多解性的特点,在施工实践中逐渐形成了以中长超前物探和超前水平地质钻探验证为主,辅以短距离地质素描超前分析和施工前超长炮孔加密确认的“多阶段、多手段、多层次”的“综合立体式超前预报技术”。以此技术为依托对强岩溶区富水隧道施工进行超前地质预测、预报,成功地穿越了金子山隧道进口工区岩溶富水带。

In tunnel construction of rich water karst area, the key technology to guarantee the tunnel construction security is to detect and forecast the geological situation in front of the tunnel face. In the construction of Jinzishan Tunnel of Yiwan Railway in the karst area which is rich in water, multiple ways were adopted to forecast the tunnel geology such as the Tunnel Seismic Prediction 203 System, the infrared water measuring meter and so on. In view of the multi-solusion characteristic existed by physical detection at present, ＂the multi-stage, multi-way and the multi-level＂＂synthesis stereo forecast technology＂ has been gradually formed, primarily by the long physical prospecting and the horizontal geology drilling confirmation, and supplementally by the short distance geology sketching and by increasing the long boring holes to be confirmed before construction. Taking this technology as the backing to forecast the geological situation in the strong karst area where is rich in water in tunnel construction, we have succeeded in getting through the intake of Jinzishan Tunnel in the karst belt.