摩擦焊接用电磁振动头的仿真分析与实验研究

Research on Simulation and Experiments of Electromagnetic Vibrating Head Used for Vibration Welding

振动摩擦焊接是近些年发展迅速的一种新型无缝焊接技术。在设计了一种新型的双边激励的电磁式振动头的基础上,采用将磁场简化为磁路进行分析计算的方法建立振动头的简化数学模型,并根据变分原理及非保守系统拉格朗日方程得出系统的运动方程。在考虑了气隙变化对绕组电感和电磁力幅值的影响后利用Simulink仿真分析了该振动头的动态特性。对不同频率下绕组电流波形的仿真结果表明,在发生谐振的时候,系统气隙的周期变化会在电流中产生很多谐波,并在谐振点附近可以获得足够的振幅。实验结果验证了仿真分析的正确性,证明了该振动头的设计方案可以满足振动摩擦焊接的工程实际需要。

Vibration welding is a new type advanced technology used in apertureless welding which is focused on in recent years. On the basis of design of a new type bilateral excitation electromagnetic vibrating head, a simplified mathematic model was set up through predigesting electromagnetic field to electromagnetic route method, and motion function of the system was also obtained based on variational theory and non-conservative system Lagrange function. Dynamic characteristics of the head were analyzed in Simulink, where influences of gap variation to winding inductance and amplitude of the force were taken into account. Simulation results of winding current wave under different frequencies show that much harmonic is generated in the winding currents because of the gap variation, and an enough amplitude of vibration can be obtained near the syntony point. Results of the experiments proved that the simulation analysis is correct, and the design is engineering practical.