一锅法有效合成氨基甲酸酯类化合物

One-Pot Synthesis of Carbamates

以四甲基胍(TMG)为催化剂,乙腈(ACT)为溶剂,利用CO_2、胺和烷基氯三组分在0.10MPa,70～80℃条件下,一锅法有效合成氨基甲酸酯类化合物,并研究了收率和产率的影响.结果表明,最优反应条件为n(胺)∶n(烷基氯)=3～4、反应温度70～80℃、反应时间2～3h、酯分离收率达68.7%～81.3%,酯纯度达到99.9%.

Carbamates were prepared by one-pot synthesis from carbon dioxide, amine and alkyl chloride with N,N,N,N-tetramethyl guanidine （TMG） as catalyst, acetonitrile （ACT） as solvents at a pressure of 0.10 MPa and temperature of 70-80℃. Effects of the converting ratio and yield were investigated. The results showed that the optimum technological conditions should be that n（amine） ： n（alkyl chloride）= 3-4, the reaction temperature was 70-80℃, and reaction time was 2-3 h. The purity of the refined of carbamates was 99.9%, and the yield of carbamates was in the range of 68.7%-81.3%. Keywords carbamate; carbon dioxide; nucleophile substitution; steric effect