低温对西瓜花药发育的影响

Effect of Low Temperature on Anther Development in Watermelon

用光学显微镜研究了低温下西瓜花药的细胞形态学变化,结果表明,小孢子母细胞和绒毡层是西瓜花药中对低温最敏感的细胞;小孢子母细胞时期和减数分裂前期是对低温最敏感的发育阶段。低温影响下,小孢子母细胞产生大量小液泡,细胞质变稀,发生质壁分离,细胞质中积累金属锇染色深的脂类物质。低温引起绒毡层细胞质泄露,细胞质高度液泡化,积累金属锇染色深的脂类物质。

Cell morphology of anther in watermelon plants exposed to low temperature was characterized using light microscope. The microspore mother cells and tapetal cells in the anther of watermelon were most vulnerable to low temperature. The microspore mother stage and meiotic prophase were the developmental stages that were most sensitive to low temperature. The microspore mother cells in plants exposed to low temperature develop numerous vacuoles and thus show thin cytoplasm. Plasmolysis and accumulation of lipid easily occur in these cells. Cytoplasm of tapetal cells tend to leak and accumulate too much lipids in plants not prevented from low temperature.