冰砬山天然次生林群落结构与物种多样性特征

Structures of Communities and Diversity of Species in Natural Secondary Forests of Binglashan Areas

根据在辽宁冰砬山16块天然次生林样地的调查数据,对天然次生林的植物群落结构和物种多样性特征进行了研究,测定了各层次植物物种的重要值,采用多种方法计算各层次物种的丰富度指数、均匀度指数和多样性指数。结果表明:冰砬山天然次生林群落成层现象和各层次优势种比较明显,依重要值排序乔木层优势种为蒙古栎和紫椴,亚优势种为花曲柳、色木槭和怀槐;灌木层优势种为斑枝卫矛、金银忍冬、胡枝子和金刚鼠李,亚优势种为刺五加和胡榛子;草本层优势种为羊胡苔草。该地区天然次生林群落植物物种比较丰富,丰富度指数草本层最高,乔木层和灌木层较接近;均匀度指数和多样性指数灌木层最高,草本层最低,乔木层居中。

On the basis of investigation data from 16 plots of natural secondary forests in Binglashan Mountain, studies regarding structures of plant communities and characteristics of species diversity were conducted, important values of plant species in each layer were measured, and richness, evenness and diversity indices of species in each layer were calculated by means of many methods. The results indicated that： layers of communities and dominant species in each layer were obvious in natural secondary forests in Binglashan Mountain. In term of important values, dominant species in tree layer were Quercus mongolica and amuensis, and subdominant species were Fraxinus chinensis, Acer mandshuricun and Maackia amurensis; dominant species in shrub layer were Euonymus pauciflorus, Lonicera maackii, Lespedeza bicolor and Rhamnuss diamantiacus, and subdominant species were Acanthopanax senticosus and Gorylus mandshurica ; dominant species in herb layer was Carex callitricihos, In this region, plant species in natural secondary forest community were rich, and richness indices were highest for herb layer, and approximately the same for tree layer and shrub layer; evenness and diversity indices were highest for shrub layer, lowest for herb layer and moderate for tree layer.