试论中国古代“协和万邦”的外交政策形成原因

Reasons of Forming the Peaceful Foreign Policy in Ancient China

古代中国从没有把周边弱小的国家变为自己殖民地的历史,中国古代中原王朝在强盛时代也极少发动对外战争,实行睦邻友好的和平战略一直是中国传统战略文化的主流。出现这种状况的根本原因在于,中国长期的农耕文明对于安土守居的重视和对远徙征战的反感;作为中国古代意识形态主流的儒家思想的“仁政”等学说,使中国基本不存在发动侵略或“不义”战争的思想土壤;地理方位限制以及中国特殊的文官制度,造成中国有不事侵略的强大的内在约束。

Good, peaceful and friendly strategically relations with neighboring has always been the mainstream of Chinese traditional culture because ancient China never had a history of turning the periphery of the smaller and weaker countries into their colony, and Chinese ancient dynasty rarely launched the outward wars even in its powerful and splendid times. The root lies in the fact that Chinese long-term farming civilization determines that Chinese people cherish living and working in peace and contentment, and they are disgusted with expeditionary fighting. Moreover, Confucian benevolent politics as the mainstream of ancient ideology enables China to go beyond the soil of aggression and disloyal war. And civilian system as well as restricted geographical orientation establishes a strong inward binding force with no committing aggression.