主体域:解读教育主客体关系的新视角

Subject Territory:A New Perspective to Interprete the Relationship between Subject and Object of Education

关于教育过程的主客体关系问题的争论已持续了近30年,争论的持久性更充分说明了对这一问题研究的必要性和重要性。从一种新的视角出发,依据旨在培养人的主体性的教育目的,提出“主体域”的概念,阐述了教育过程实际上是教师不断提高学生主体性,扩展学生“主体域”的过程,避免了采用一种静止的观点所造成的对教育主客体关系认识的绝对化。从而,使广大教育工作者不仅要做到“因材施教”,还要注意“因时施教”。

The dispute about the relationship between subject and object in the process of education has already lasted for nearly 30 years, which indicates the significance and necessity of the study on this topic. Studying from a new perspective, this article proposes the conception of the ＇subject territory＇ based on the educational objective that aims at raising human＇s subjectivity. Then it elaborates that the education is the process of raising the students＇ subjectivity and expanding their subject territory by teachers, thus avoiding an absolute interpretation of the relationship between the subject and the object in the education with a static viewpoint. It also suggests that the educators should teach students in accordance with their aptitude and their development phases as well.