从“计划供给”到“市场匹配”:高校学科专业管理范式的更迭

From "Planned Supply" to "Market Distribution": An Evolution of the Paradigm of College Discipline and Program Management

学科专业是高校最核心的组织建制,学科专业管理是高校独特的知识管理形式,对学科专业管理体制的关注是高等教育体制改革进一步深化的体现。本文集中描述我国学科专业管理“计划供给”范式的历史形成,探讨“计划供给”与“市场匹配”两种学科专业制度的特点与运行机制,揭示现行学科专业制度所覆盖主体的利益关系,指出尽管“计划供给”范式向“市场匹配”范式的更迭有必然之势,但由于关涉资源配置与产权变更,因而这一过程将是曲折而复杂的,对于这一议题的深入探讨需要突破传统视域。

Disciplines and programs are the core organizational system of colleges and universities. Their management marks a unique form of intellectual management by the latter, and the emphasis on the management system reflects the deepened reforms in higher education. The present paper probes into the historical origin of the ＂planned-supply＂ paradigm of program management in China, and explores the respective features and mechanisms of the two models of management, i. e. , ＂planned supply＂ and ＂market distribution＂. Revealing the profit and interest of the various subjects in the current program system, it argues that, while the evolution from the ＂planned-supply＂ paradigm to the ＂market-distribution＂ one proves an inevitable trend, the process of the evolution turns out a fluctuating and complex one. An in-depth study in this field, therefore, requires perspectives beyond the traditional ones.