试论中国近代外交政策的转型

On Transition of the Chinese Modem Diplomatic Poliy

鸦片战争后中国近代社会开始转型,在对外关系的处理上由旧的宗主——附庸式朝贡制度,转而接受西方近代外交理念。中国近代外交转型表现为中国与藩国对近代国际关系的抗拒及适应过程。中国外交正是在这种惶恐困惑状态中开始近代化进程的。全文从晚清政府外交指导思想的发展脉络以及清政府对外政策的被动性调整、传统外交指导思想的逐步解体等方面阐述了晚清外交的“屈辱”转型,对中国近代外交思想转型的历史过程进行初步分析。

After the Opium War contemporary China entered a transitional period,from tributing system to accepting the western diplomatic opions in the conduct of foreign relations. The Chinese diplomacy began to modernize in the fear and confusion. In this thesis, the author analyzed the historical process of the transition of the Chinese modern diplomatic opnions and elaborated the guiding ideology, from the devoloping ideas of the diplomatic guid- ing thought, the passive adjustment of the diplomatic policy and the disintegration of the traditional dipomatic ideas in late Qing Danysty.