安徽黄山华中五味子次生木质部的生态解剖

Eco-anatomy of secondary xylem of Schisandra sphenanthera in Huangshan Mountain,Anhui,China

对安徽黄山海拔420～1840m的华中五味子茎的次生木质部进行了生态解剖学研究。结果表明,茎的次生木质部为散孔材,导管分子长741.7～1025.2μm,直径为152.4～191.9μm;导管频率60.6～70.2mm-2。纤维管胞长925.2～1046.3μm;木射线类型为异形ⅡA和ⅡB,单列射线高682.1～778.4μm,多列射线高度为1093～1208μm,多列射线宽63.6～92.6μm,射线频率9.2～12.8mm-1。次生木质部解剖特征随异质生境而表现出一定的可塑性,其中,多列射线宽、射线频率、导管分子长度、导管直径等性状的可塑性较大。多重回归分析表明,水分和温度是影响华中五味子次生木质部解剖特征的主导因子。随着空气相对湿度的增加,导管分子长度和直径均增大,射线频率减小。随着降雨量的增加,纤维长度增加。随着最冷月温度的增加,导管频率增加,多列射线宽度减小。随着年较差的增加,单列射线和多列射线高度均减小。

An eco-anatomic study on the secondary xylem of Schisandra sphenanthera, which grows at an altitude of 420- 1 840 m in Huangshan Mountain, Anhui,China,was carried out. The results show that the secondary xylem of S. sphenanthera belongs to diffuse porous,vessel element length 741.7-1 025.2μm,vessel diameter 152.4-191.9 μm,vessel frequency 60.6-70.2 mm^-2 ;length of tracheid-fibres 925.2-1 046.3μm;Wood ray is Krib＇s heterogeneousⅡA and ⅡB type,single ray height 682.1-778.4μm,multiserate ray height 1 093 -1 208μm,multiserate ray width 63.6-92.6 μm, frequency of rays 9. 2 - 12.8 mm^-1. The anatomic characters of secondary xylem, such as multiserate ray width, frequency of rays, vessel element length, vessel diameter, etc. , have great plasticity in respond to heterogeneous habitats. The result of stepwise multiple regressions indicated that the water and temperature may be the principle factors significantly affect secondary xylem anatomical characteristics of S. sphenanthera. With the increase of relative humidity, both length and diameter of vessel element increased, as well as the frequency of rays. With the increase of annual precipitation,length of tracheid-fibres increased. With the increase of average temperature of the coldest month, vessel frequency increased, and multiserate ray width decreased. With the increase of annual temperature range, the height of both single and multiserate rays decreased.