论先秦礼的德育功能

Moral Education Function of Pre-Qin Ritual

先秦时期的礼是社会道德规范的载体,也是传承主流社会伦理思想的符号,具有重要的德育功能,主要表现在道德内化、示范和传承等方面。礼的践履使人们逐渐养成遵守道德规范的行为习惯,形成道德观念,培育道德情感,使外在的道德规范转化为内在的道德自觉。礼仪则以理想的模式向社会成员展示主流社会的价值取向和供他们效仿的行为准则。礼仪还通过礼仪活动、标准化的语言和动作,使社会道德规范成为可以习得的东西。先秦时期的礼教是与乐教配套进行的,并以政教合一的体制为保障,使礼的德育功能得以实现和强化。

Pre-Qin ritual was the carrier of social ethics, as well as the symbol of carrying forward the mainstream social ethical thoughts, with important＇moral function. The moral education function of ritual gives its expression to the internalization, demonstration and inheritance of morality. The implementation of ritual makes people gradually cultivate the behavior habit to follow the ethics, form moral concepts, cultivate moral sensibility, and make the external ethics transform into internal morality awareness. Protocol should present the mainstream social value orientation to the social members with ideal model and the behavior norms for them to follow. Protocol also makes social ethics become obtainable through protocol activities, standardized language and actions. Pre-Qin ritual is carried out with music, guaranteed by syncretic politics and religion so as to realize and strengthen the moral educational function of ritual.