武汉市3340名中小学教师心理亚健康状况及其影响因素

Mental Sub-health and Related Risk Factors and the Influencing Factors Among Teachers in Primary and Middle School

目的了解中小学教师心理亚健康现状及其影响因素,为中小学教师心理保健工作提供科学依据。方法采用自行设计的健康调查问卷,对武汉市某区所属62所中小学校的全部教师进行调查。结果中小学教师心理亚健康检出率为66.17%,<40岁青年女教师心理亚健康检出率明显高于同年龄段的男教师(χ2=15.181,P<0.01)。影响该人群心理健康的主要危险因素有睡眠时间不足、感到工作繁忙、没有知心朋友、对工作条件不满意、缺乏体育锻炼、对家庭生活不满意、感到事业无成就等。结论中小学教师的心理亚健康状况检出率较高。教育管理部门和学校应采取各种针对性的干预措施,提高其心理健康水平。

Objective To study the mental sub-health status and risk factors of teachers in primary, and middle school, and to provide scientific evidence for their psychological health care. Methods A self-designed questionnaire survey was conducted among the teachers from 62 primary and middle schools in Wuhan. Results The prevalence of mental sub-health was 66.17% among the teachers. The prevalence rate of mental sub-health in females below 40 was significandy higher than that of the males in the same age group（ X^2 = 15.18）, P 〈 0.01 ）. The influencing factors were alack of sleeping, busy work, without intimate friends, dissatisfaction with work condition,alack of sports activity, dissatisfaction with their family and feeling unsuccessful. Conclusion The prevalence of mental sub-health is high, thus it is essential to carry out active intervention measures among the teachers.