含膨胀性晶层层状硅酸盐矿物的层电荷表征方法及其原理

MEASUREMENT AND MECHANISM OF LAYER CHARGE OF PHYLLOSILICATE WITH EXPANSIVE LAYERS

依据含膨胀性晶层层状硅酸盐矿物(PSEL)层电荷的大小把膨胀性晶层分为蒙皂石晶层和蛭石晶层两类。讨论了PSEL层电荷的产生与类型,综述了国内外关于PSEL层电荷的测试和表征方法的研究现状;分析了晶体化学式计算法、烷基季铵盐法和阳离子交换容量法的测定原理和计算方法。以四川三台蒙脱石样品为例分别用晶体化学式计算法及烷基季铵盐法计算了蒙脱石的层电荷,认为含膨胀性晶层层状硅酸盐矿物的层电荷研究对于层状硅酸盐矿物晶体化学具有重要的理论意义。

Based on the numbers of layer charge of phyllosilicate with expansive layers （PSEL）, expansive layers are classified as montmorillonite layers and vermiculite layers. The origin and type of layer charge of PSEL is discussed. The measurement methods and characterization of layer charge of PSEL are presented. The measurement principle and the crystal-chemical formula method, the cation exchange capacity method and alkyl ammonium method are discussed. The layer charge of montmorillonite from Santai, Siehuan, is calculated by crystal chemical formula and alkyl ammonium methods. It is significant to study layer charge of PSEL for mineral crystal chemistry.