中国自然铜矿化类型、特点及形成机理浅析

TYPES,CHARACTERISTICS AND ORE-FORMING MECHANISMS OF NATIVE COPPER DEPOSITS IN CHINA

铜在自然界中多以氧化物和硫化物形式存在,只有少部分以单质或者合金状态产出。总结了自然铜矿化的类型、特点、形成条件以及成矿机理,阐述了找矿前景。自然铜的矿化类型主要有岩浆岩型、砂岩型等,部分与有机质共生或产在氧化带,产出环境为低温、弱碱性还原环境。玄武岩型自然铜矿化分布广、规模大,是形成工业矿床最有利的矿床类型;砂岩型自然铜矿床主要见于湖南麻阳一带,成矿前景优越,有可能找到更多更大的工业矿床(体)。

Sulfide and oxide are the familiar minerals of copper, and native copper is peculiar in nature. We summarized the types and characteristics of native copper deposits, and discussed the ore-forming mechanisms, then estimated the possible prospecting area. Native copper was formed in lower temperature and feebleness redox conditions, hosted by flood basalts, sandstone, intermediate-acid magmatic rocks or oxidation zone, and some occur with organic matter. Native copper deposits, associated with basalts are widely distributed in northwest or southwest China, many have economic value. Sandstone-hosted native copper deposits also show a good prospecting perspective in Mayang of Hunan Province.