德国大学教师聘任制的现状与特征

The Status Quo and Characters of Teacher's Employment System in German Universities

德国高等教育机构有大学(综合大学、教育大学、神学大学、艺术大学等)和高等专科学校。大学一般是州立的,属于公共法人团体。大学的经营管理,主要由校长具体负责。州立大学的教师是公务员。德国大学对教授、准教授以及教师的招聘一般实行公开招聘制度,并有明确的程序要求以及任职条件。大学教授没有任期规定,经过一定的试用期,通常是作为终身官吏被任用,其他教师有任期规定。

The higher education institutions include university （which is classified as general university, educational university, theological university and artistic university） and higher technological academy. As a rule, university is public corporation built by the sate, and the teacher is civil servant. The president takes the for the university. He invites the applicants for the teachers, （assistant） professors openly with strict and transparent processes. There are no limits on professor tenure, but not the same for teacher.