唐代中西交通吐蕃—勃律道考

"Tibet-Bolor Path" in China-West Traffic in the Tang Dynasty

7世纪末到9世纪中叶,吐蕃为了沟通与西域各国的交使和贸易关系,与唐朝开展了长期的争夺西域四镇的斗争。其间,吐蕃曾致力于经营一条经由大、小勃律,过护密,东至四镇,西抵吐火罗的通道,这就是著名的吐蕃-勃律道。这条通道的一部分虽然与闻名中外的僧人"求法中道"重合,但吐蕃经由大、小勃律,架藤桥,筑城堡,北接护密道,无疑对青藏高原经克什米尔、帕米尔去中亚的交通起到了巨大的促进作用。因此,吐蕃-勃律道在唐代中西交通史上有着深远的影响。

From the end of the 7th century to the mid-9th century, Tibet had fought with the Tang Dynasty for the 'Four Garrisons' in the Western Regions for quite a long time in order to get access to the communications and trades with the states in the Western Regions. Meanwhile, Tibet made effort to run a path from Tukhara in the west to the 'Four Garrisons' in the east through Baltistan (大勃律), Gilgit(小勃律) and Wakhan (护密),and this is the famous 'Tibet-Bolor Path'. Though part of the path ran in the same route with the famous 'golden path to sutra', from Gilgit and Baltistan, Tibet made rattan bridges and castles to get access to Wakhan in the north and boost significantly the traffic from the Kashmir and Pamirs to Central Asia via the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. So the 'Tibet-Bolor Path' exerted profound influence on the traffic from China to the west in the Tang Dynasty.