学习障碍初中生精神运动功能研究

Research on the psychomotor ability of middle school students with learning disability

目的 探讨学习障碍（（ learning disabilities ,LD） 初中生与正常初中生的精神运动功能的差异。方法 采用1：1病例对照研究方法，对55例LD初中生及55例正常初中生进行津医精神运动成套测验（JPB）。结果 LD组初中生的JPB各项指标分值均低于对照组（P〈0．05），LD组JPB总分[（297．25±35．40）分]与对照组[（339．29±35．80）分]之间存在显著性差异（P〈0．01）。LD组JPB总T分≤315的精神运动功能影响率（71．4％）明显高于对照组（23．8％）（P〈0．05）；多元逐步回归分析得出符号记入、视觉保持对语文成绩有显著影响，划消数字和选择反应时对数学成绩有显著影响（P〈0．05）。结论 LD组初中生精神运动功能低于正常组初中生，在精神运动功能的各个方面都存在问题，提示LD初中生大脑支配的运动效廊以及运动反廊中枢的某砦功能有异常。

Objective To explore psychomotor ability difference between the normal and learning disability （LD） students studying in middle school. Methods A 1.1 paired study was conducted. 55 students with learning disability were assigned in case group, and 55 normal students in control group, the two groups were examined by Jinyi Psychomotor Battery of test （JPB） Results The learning disability students have lower score （297. 25 ± 35.40） than the normal students （339.29 ± 35.80）in total score （ P 〈 0.01 ）, and so does the group of total T score less than 315 which the rate of the case group and the control group is 71.4% and 23.8% respectively（ P 〈 0.05 ）. Multiple regressive analysis indicate that the two factors symbol registry and visual maintenance affect Chinese grade, while erasing and reaction time affect Mathematics grade （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Learning disability students have lower psychomotor ability than normal students, which suggest that learning disability students may have some disfunctions of motor effect and motor centrum.