湖南省中学生家庭功能现况调查及影响因素分析

An investigation into current family function to middle school students in Hunan province and the influencing factors

目的 了解目前湖南省中学生家庭支持功能情况并探讨其影响因素。方法 采用自编家庭一般情况调查表和家庭功能评定量表（family assessment device, FAD）对湖南省5760名中学生及其家长进行问卷调查。结果 家庭功能评定量表的7个分量表（问题解决、沟通、角色、情感反应、情感介入、行为控制、总的功能）得分分别为（2．15±0．37）分、（2．15±0．33）分、（2．30±0．28）分、（2．30±0．38）分、（2．23±0．39）分、（2．28±0．27）分和（2．04±0．34）分；各分量表得分在3分及以下的家庭所占比例均超过调查家庭总数的97．5％；多元线性回归分析显示：母亲受教育程度，家庭经济状况与当地的水平比较，家人有无酗酒、吸烟、赌博、吸毒等，最近半年内家庭有无突发事件等11个变量分别对家庭功能评定量表（FAD）的7个分量表得分具有影响，P〈0．05。结论 湖南省中学生家庭功能状况整体良好；母亲受教育程度，家庭经济状况与当地的水平比较等11个指标构成中学生家庭功能的影响因素。

Objective To investigate the family support function status to middle school students in Hunan province and explore its impact factors. Methods 5760 middle school students and their parents were randomly selected using two-stage sampling. The self-developed questionnaire and the Family Assessment Device （FAD） were self-administered in the selected students and their parents. Results The means of seven subscales of FAD were respectively ： Problem （PS） 2.15 ± 0.37, Communication （CM） 2.15 ± 0.33, Roles （RL） 2.30 ±0.28,Affective Responsiveness （AR） 2.30 ±0.38, Affective Involvement （AI） 2.23 ±0.39, Behavior Control （BC） 2.28 ±0.27 ,and General Functioning （GF） 2.04 ±0.34. There are more than 97.5 percents of all the investigated families which score are lower than 3 points in every subscales. The analysis of multiple linear regression indicates： Education that mother received, economic status of families, whether family members have bad behaviors such as alcohol abusing, smoking, gambling, and drug abusing, whether emergencies happen to the family in the past half a year, and other 7 factors, were tested statistically significant, P〈 0.05. Conclusion Most families in Human Province were considered to have good family function to middle school student. The 11 impact factors for family function consisted of only child or not, education that father received, education that mother received, fatherg profession, mother＇s profession, economic status of families, crime or suicide history of family member, whether family members have serious illness or disability or not, whether family members have bad behaviors such as alcohol abusing, smoking, gambling, and drug abusing, whether emergencies happen to the family in the past half a year, and whether the student has his or her own room.