1991～2005年中国31个省市自治区肾综合征出血热流行情况分析

Analysis on the Epidemic of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome in China from 1991 to 2005

[目的]了解我国（除台湾、香港、澳门外）各省、自治区、直辖市肾综合征出血热（HFRS）的流行强度、病死情况及其趋势，以便更好地做好防制工作。[方法]利用中国疾病预防控制中心提供的1991～2005年HFRS疫情报告资料进行常规动态分析。[结果]1991～2005年31个省区市合计报告HFRS625472例，病死7754例，年均发病率为3．41／10万，病死率为1．24％。1991～1995年、1996～2000年、2001～2005年3个阶段比较，年均发病率环比降幅分别为20．38％、40．49％，病死率降幅分别为41．58％、7．67％。[结论]我国HFRS疫情呈下降趋势；疫苗的逐步推广应用可能是下降的主要原因；31个省区市中至少有27个存在HFRS自然疫源地；黑龙江、山东、陕西、辽宁、浙江、湖南、吉林和河北等省区市为主要疫区。

[Objective]To understand the epidemic ,mortality and the trend of epidemic of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome （HFRS）in China （not including Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao）, provide scientific bases for control and prevention. [Methods]Routine and dynamic analysis was conducted on the data of reported infectious diseases from 1991 to 2005,provided by Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. [Results]The total reported cases from 31 provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions from 1991 to 2005 were 625 472,7 754 cases died. The annual morbidity was 3.41/100 000. Case fatality rate was 1. 24%. The annual morbidity and case fatality rate during the first period（ from 1991 to 1995） in comparison with the second period （from 1996 to 2000 ） ,the annual morbidity and case fatality rate during the second period from 1996 to 2000）in the comparison with the third period （ from 2001 to 2005 ） decreased by 20.38%, 40. 49 % and 41.58%, 7.67% respectively. [,Conclusion]The epidemic of HFRS decreased because of the good coverage of vaccination. There were 27 epidemic focuses among 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, with the main epidemic focuses in the provinces of Heiongjiang,Shandong,Shanxi,Liaoning,Zhejiang, Hunan,Jilin and Hebei.