昆明市小水井村苗族居民心理健康状况调查

A survey on mental health of inhabitants of the Miao nationality in Xiaoshuijing village in Kunming

目的探讨改革开放进程中昆明市最大的苗族聚居地小水井村苗族居民的心理健康状况及相关影响因素,寻求合理防御机制。方法随机抽取15a～60a苗族居民49人,采用症状自评量表、防御方式问卷、生活事件量表进行测评,并与全国常模进行比较。结果症状自评量表阴性项目数、人际关系敏感因子分均低于全国常模,其余项目和因子评分均明显高于全国常模(P<0.01)。防御方式问卷成熟防御机制和不成熟防御机制评分均较高。生活事件量表生活负性事件、恶性事件强度评分均>32分,所承受的精神压力>99%的正常人群。结论受试者总体心理健康水平较差,存在较多心理问题。加快自身经济文化建设,加强心理卫生服务,培养正确的心理防御方式,是提高身心健康的保障。

Objectives Under the reform and opening-up policy, we want to find out the mental health status of the intrabitants of the Miao nationality in Xiaoshuijin village in Kunming. Methods Forty nine inhabitants of Miao nationality aged 16-60 were administered Symptom Checklist 90（ SCL-90）, Defense Style Questionnaire（DSQ）and Life Experiences Survey（LES）. We compared the result with the national norm. Results The scores of negative items and interpersonal sensitivity factor were lower than those of the national norm, the scores of other items were higher. The comparison between the scores of the inhabitants and those of the national norm shows： there was no statistically significant differences in interpersonal sensitivity factor and hostility factor, but there was statistically significant differences（P〈0.01）） in other items and factors. The scores of mature defense mechanism and immature defense-mechanism were higher than those of the national norm, there was statistically significant differences. The frequency and intensity of negative life events and malignant life events was higher（the score of intensity〉32）. Conclusion The mental health of the Miao nationality living in Xiaoshuijin village is poor, they have more mental problem. The government should accelerate the construction of economy and culture and promote mental health service, develop correct coping styles against stressors, reduce the stress intensity of life events in order to protect the inhabitants＇ healthy.