氯代烃结构特性对其还原脱氯反应速率的影响

Effects of Structure Speciality of Chlorinated Hydrocarbon on Reductive Dechlorination Rate

以铁为主要反应介质,以Cu,Ag,Pd为催化剂研究了包括氯代甲烷系列、氯代乙烷系列、氯代乙烯系列、氯代苯系列等多种氯代有机物在这些反应体系中的还原脱氯反应,重点考察了氯代烃的结构特性对其还原脱氯反应速率的影响.结果表明,氯代有机物中氯取代基数目、位置、碳链甲基(—CH3)、不饱和碳键等,都能对氯代物脱氯速率产生重要影响.氯代烃在零价金属体系中的还原脱氯反应符合准一级动力学方程.通过ln(c/c0)对时间t的线性回归关系,可以计算出各种氯代烃的还原脱氯速率常数.研究了氯代烃结构性质和反应速率常数的关系,得出了氯代烃还原脱氯的规律性.

This paper presents an investigation of the dechlorination of chlorinated methanes, chlorinated ethanes, chlorinated ethenes and chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons by the medium of Fe with catalyst Cu, Ag, Pd etc. And a study is conducted on the effect of the structure speciality of chlorinated hydrocarbons on reductive dechlorination rate. Results show that the number of chlorine substituents and position, the methyl on carbochain （-CH3）, unsaturated carbon bond etc are all the factors affecting dechlorination rate of chlorinated hydrocarbons. The degradation of chlorinated hydrocarbons by metal accords with pseudo-first-order kinetics. The reaction rate constant was calculated respectively by the regression of In （ c/co） vs time. The relation between the structure speciality of chlorinated hydrocarbons and reaction rate constant is also discussed.