汪曾祺小说:俗世温情下的生命形态

Wang Zeng qi's Novels:the Forms of Life Under Worldly Tender Feelings

依据人与所处外部环境的关系,汪曾祺在其小说中描述了生命的三种基本形态:其一是生命的自然形态。人的自然生命形态代表着生命最原初的现实形态,是生命的本真;其二是生命的社会形态。汪曾祺注重生命的社会性,重点挖掘了日常生活中普通人的人性美,以此作为构建人与自然、人与人、人与社会和谐关系的基础;其三是生命的精神形态。汪曾祺着重表现了民间社会生活中困苦和卑微的生命常态,他正视人类的生存困境,从生命的荒凉出发去追求生命的价值和尊严,在他看来,比物质生活更重要的东西,是保持人的精神生命不受损害。

Based on the relations between man and the external environment, Wang Zengqi describes three kinds of basic human lives. The first kind is the natural form, which represents the most primary and realistic shape of life as well as the nature of life. The second kind is thesocial form of life. Wang Zengqi pays great attention to the sociality of the human life,and especially explores the human nature of the common people in their daily life, which is the foundation for the construction of harmonious relations between human beings themselves,man and the nature, and man and the society. And the third kind is the spiritual form of life. He particularly displays the hard and humble life state of the people in their social daily life. For this kind,he faces the hardships of the people squarely, and pursues the value and dignity of the human life according to the bleak life of the people. From his point of view, keeping one＇ s spiritual life from being damaged is much more important than one＇s material life.