女企业家创业意向缓冲因素研究

The Research of Determinants of Female Entrepreneurial Intentions

女企业家在知识经济时代,由于不再如在传统工业经济和农业经济时代靠体力决定经济地位,而是和男性第一次站在平等的起跑线上开始她们的创业,使得她们的地位越来越重要。但一个不容忽视的现实是拥有同样自身条件的男性和女性,在同样面临创业机会时,女性真正投入创业的比例远远低于男性,本研究用实证的方式,采用相关分析、方差分析、探索性因素分析、缓冲作用检验等统计方法,对351位女性创业者进行问卷调查的基础上提出了家庭承诺和性别认同是影响女性创业意向的缓冲因素,本研究为如何激发女性创业提供了实证基础。

With the advent of Knowledge Economics epoch, women possess the truly equate opportunities to compete with man in business world and their entrepreneurship, oppressed for centuries, is unprecedentedly released. The tendency to start private business for women flourished since 1990s, and nowadays business operated by women has been recognized to have significant contribution to the economic miracle of PRC. In this article, the authors are motivated to explore the idiosyncratic factors impacting women entrepreneurial intentions. Based on priori research fruits and structural interview, this paper proposed that gender identification and family commitment are two paramount factors for women to engender entrepreneurial intentions. A sampling pool of 351 women entrepreneurs were used to test our hypotheses. Empirical results indicated that gender identification and family commitment moderate the relationship between women entrepreneurial intention and its relevant antecedents. These findings provide insights in how to stimulate intrinsic entrepreneurship for women and facilitate our understanding of why women as a whole group are less likely to choose selecting self--employment （entrepreneur） as professional career.