简论萨特的自由哲学

Sartre's Philosophy of Freedom

萨特的自由哲学因张扬人的“绝对自由”而在西方理论界特色鲜明。存在先于本质是其核心;选择、行动与自由是紧密联系,舍此无彼的,而这一切都在处境之中进行的;自由还总是与责任联系在一起的,个人不仅要为自己的选择负责,而且还要为整个人类负责,这样自由的人往往是烦恼的、孤独的、绝望的。另外,这一哲学在逻辑推理、本体论与实践论关系等方面存在着种种矛盾。

Sartre＇s freedom philosophy that the people are absolutely free makes him a bright star in the western theory fields. That the existence is before the essence is its core. Choice, action and freedom are closely related ,and all carried on in the situation. Freedom always relates to the responsibility. Individual is not only responsible for choice, but also must be responsible for the whole humanity, which often makes free people worried, lonely and desperate. However, this philosophy has a few contradictions in logical inference and relation between ontology and practice and so on.