黄瓜(Cucumis sativus L.)种质资源遗传多样性及亲缘关系分析

Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Genetic Relationship in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Germplasm Resources

利用18个SSR标记和3个SCAR共显性标记,分析了177份不同生态类型的黄瓜种质资源,旨在阐明其遗传多样性和亲缘关系,为遗传和育种的利用提供理论依据。结果表明,在所有种质中共得到等位基因51个,平均每个位点为2.42个。177份种质资源的相似系数变化范围0.24～1。聚类分析的结果将资源划分为5大类,大部分旱黄瓜被划分在第1类中;多数的华南类型和加工型黄瓜被划分在第2类中;Concombre vert long和西双版纳本地山黄瓜被单独划为第3类;另外,1个收集于韩国和2个收集于美国的种质,分别为韩3,Burpless Hybrid,Muncher为第4类;大部分华北类型种质为第5类。欧洲温室型没有单独被划出来。在育种上,有利于鉴定有价值的优良亲本的亲缘关系,为现阶段黄瓜育种实践中减少杂交组合选配盲目性,提高品种质量及育种效率提供了依据。

Genetic diversity and genetic relationship of cucumber cultivars was estimated using simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers and sequence-characterized amplified region （SCAR）. The purpose of this experiment is to analysis genetic diversity and genetic relationship in order to provide academic evidence. A total of 51 alleles were detected in the all 177 cucumber accessions, and the average is 2.42. Genetic similarity coefficient ranged from 0.24～1. UPGMA duster analysis based on the genetic similarity data separated 5 categories. Most of cucumber which belong to arid cucumber ecotype are in the 1st group, many of germplasm which belong to the south China ecotype and processing ecotype are in the 2nd group. The accession number 39, 47, segregated from other accessions, are in the 3rd group and accessions number 7, 48, 60 which origin from Korean and American respectively are in the 4th group. North China ecotype is in the 5th group, and the Europe greenhouse ecotype could not be segregated independently. In breeding, this result would take advantage of identifying genetic relationship in parental lines; in addition, this result is beneficial for us to minimize the number of crossing combinations in the process of breeding, and enhancing the quality of varieties and efficiency of breeding.