玉米/大豆间作条件下养分的高效利用机理

Studies on the efficient use of nutrients in maize/soybean intercropping

通过盆栽模拟试验,研究了玉米/大豆间作条件下作物根系形态特征、根系活力、根际土壤有效养分含量和养分高效利用机理。结果表明,间作体系中的玉米地上生物学产量和经济产量较单作玉米增加38.73%和23.4%,增产显著。玉米/大豆间作条件下玉米根系形态特征、根系活力、根际土壤有效养分含量都显著高于单作作物,间作作物根际中土壤细菌、真菌数量、土壤脲酶和磷酸酶活性较单作分别增加2.3倍、94.58%、53.38%、22.45%。有利于土壤中复杂态氮磷化合物转化为可给态的无机化合物,加速氮磷的分解和转移,提高根际土壤的有效养分含量。整个间作系统有明显的地上生物产量和经济产量优势。

By cultivated in pot, the roots shape characteristic, roots vigor, effective nutrient content in root border soil and nutrient high-efficient utilizing mechanism were studied in maize and soybean intercropping condition. The results indicated that under the intercropping condition, maize biological output and economical output increased by 38.73% and 23.4% than those of single maize cultivation. Under the intereropping condition,the roots shape characteristic,roots vigor ,effective nutrient content in root border soil were higher than those of single maize cultivation. The soll bacterium ,fungl quantity,soil urease and phosphatase increased 2.3 times,94. 58% ,53. 38% ,22.45% respectively than those of single maize cultivation,which were helpful for the complicated nitrogen phosphorus compound in the soil turning into cangiven inorganic compound and accelerated degradation and transformation of the nitrogen phosphorus compound, improved the effective nutrient content in root border soil. The whole intercropping system had obvious advantage of the biological and economical output.