占有与生产——学生学习活动中的主体性分析

Possession and Production——The Analyses of Students' Subjectivity in the Study Activity

学生作为学习活动的主体,其主体性可分为两类——占有与生产。在占有性主体性作用下,学习是占有知识的过程,知识被视为客观静止的对象,学生更多采用机械学习,学习活动中的人际关系具有占有与竞争的特点;在生产性主体性作用下,学习是建构知识的过程,知识是发展变化的,学生更多采用意义学习,学习中的人际关系具有分享与合作的特点。实现从占有性主体性到生产性主体性的转变是解决许多教育问题的关键。

Students, as the subject of the study activity, the subjectivity of whom can be divided into two types-- possession and production. When students have possession subjectivity, study is a process of possessing knowledge which is objective and changeless. Students often use mechanical study modes, and personal relation in study activity is possessive and competitive. As students are productive subject, study is to construct knowledge, which is developing and changing o At the same time, significative study modes are usually used, and participation and cooperation are the characteristic of the personal relation. The change from possession subjectivity to roducion subjectivity is the key to solving many educational problems.