肺不张106例病因与临床特点分析

Etiopathogenesis and clinical feature analysis of 106 cases of pulmonary closure

目的:探讨肺不张的病因与临床特点,提高诊断水平。方法:106例中72例检查X线胸片、54例检查胸部CT,20例同时检查X线胸片和胸部CT,20例检查纤支镜、其中18例做病理学活检等检查证实诊断。结果:肺癌35例,占33.02%;肺炎29例,占27.36%;肺结核26例,占24.53%。青年组病因以炎症为主(53.57%),中老年组病因以肺癌为主(42.31%)。左上肺不张全部是结核100%(6/6),右中肺不张以炎症为主54.55%(6/11),全肺不张以肺癌多见54.17%(13/24)。无症状16例(15.09%),有症状90例(74.91%),主要症状为咳嗽、咳痰,气促,胸痛,发热。结论:肺癌、炎症和结核是肺不张的三大主要病因,临床表现无特异性,左上肺不张提示结核。

Objective： To investigate the etiopathogenesis and clinical feature of Atelectasis and to improve diagnostic level. Methods： All 106 cases were checked including 72 cases with X ray of chest, 54 cases with CT scan, 20 cases with both X ray and CT scan, 20 cases with bronchofibroscope and 18 cases had pathologic biopsy to confirm diagnosis. Results： The causes of atelectasis were mainly lung cancer （35 cases, 33.02%）, pneumonia （29 cases, 27. 36%）, tuberculosis （26 cases, 24.53%）. Inflammation was one main cause in young people （53.57 %）, lung cancer accounted for mainly in elderly （42.31%）. Atelectasis of left upper lung was 100% （6/6）attributed to tuberculosis;right middle atelectasis resulted from inflammation 54. 55% （6/11）;whole lung atelectasis was contributed to lung cancer 54. 27% （13/24）. Symptomless cases were 16 （15.09%）, symptomatic atelectasis were 90 causes （74.91%）, including cough, expectoration, short breath, chest pain and fever. Conclusion： Lung cancer, inflammation and tuberculosis are the most causes of atelectasis. There is no specificity in clini- cal features. Left upper atelectasis hints tuberculosis.