福州地区部分产妇“坐月子”传统习俗的调查

Survey and Analysis on Traditional Practices in Confinement of Lying-in Women in Fuzhou

采用定性研究方法对福州市城区和福清农村两地12户正在“坐月子”的家庭进行调查,并召开专题小组讨论会,组织19名卫生工作者参加讨论与分析。结果表明,“坐月子”是一个很重要的惯例,其强调摄入大量的高蛋白食物、提供家庭照顾、多休息并专注于体能的恢复、注意会阴部卫生和悉心照顾孩子等有利于产妇恢复健康;而对产妇采取限制洗澡、谢绝会客、限制活动、不适宜的辅助母乳喂养、给新生儿喂中药汤和不重视牙齿卫生等可能无益,甚至有害。建议提倡有利于产妇恢复健康的习俗与措施,努力克服和避免不利于产妇健康的因素。

This is a descriptive study on the basis of qualitative research approach. In order to improve practices in the confinement in childbirth, twelve families, involving lying-women, their husbands and mothers, from Fuzhou city（urban area） and Fuqing county（rural area） were interviewed. Seminars with nineteen health workers were held to analyze these practices. It is shown that confinement in childbirth is an important convention, which highly values the intake of a large amount of protein-rich food, care and support from family, proper rest, lying-womeffs recovery of physical energy, along with their sanitary perineum and considerable care for the baby, etc. All the practices mentioned are beneficial to the recovery of lyingwomen, whereas the practices of lying-women＇s restricted bathing and activities, prohibition of their meeting with visitors, ignorance of their dental hygiene, inappropriate assisted breast feeding, and administration of Chinese traditional medicine to newborns are likely to make no positive effect on sound health, even worse, to be harmful. It is therefore suggested to advocate conventions and measures favorable to lying-women＇s recovery and to overcome and avoid with great efforts all those factors unfavorable to their health.