大学生心理健康状况与社会支持的相关研究

Research on Relationship between Mental Health Condition and Social Support of University Students

目的了解本地大学生心理健康状况与社会支持的关系,为心理健康教育提供参考依据。方法以湖北民族学院167名大学生为调查对象,其中男生94名,女生73名。采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和社会支持量表进行调查。结果①本地大学生在强迫、人际、焦虑三个因子上的得分显著高于大学生常模(P<0.05);而在躯体化和抑郁这两个因子上的得分与大学生常模有非常显著的差异(P<0.01)。与全国成人常模相比,本地大学生在9个因子上的得分均非常显著地高于成人常模的得分水平(P<0.01)。②本地男大学生在社会支持量表的总分略高于女大学生,总均分<2的大学生社会支持总分显著高于总均分≥2的大学生。③社会支持与心理健康的相关性分析结果显示,社会支持总分及其各因子与症状自评量表各因子之间呈显著负相关(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论本地大学生心理健康总体水平偏低。应大力加强大学生的心理健康教育,良好的社会支持系统有益于大学生的心理健康。

Objective To analyze the relationship between mental health condition and social support of local university students, and provide the reference for the mental healthy education. Methods 167 undergraduates, including 94 males and 73 females in Hubei Institute for Nationalities were randomly chosen as samples, which were investigated with Symptom Checklist -90 （SCL-90） and Support Rating Scales. Results ①Compared with the national undergraduates mode,the scores of local university students were significantly higher on several factors such as obsession,relationships and anxiety of SCL-90 （P 〈0.05）, and there were very significant differences in somatization and anxiety. Compared with the adult mode, the mean of local university students were very significantly higher on all 9 factors （P 〈0.01 ）. ②The sores on social support of males were slightly higher than that of females （P 〉0.05）. Scores on social support of the graduates whose scores of SCL -90 lower than 2 were higher than those equal to and higher than 2 （P 〈 0.05）. ③The correlative analysis of social support and mental health condition showed that there were significant negative correlations between the scores of the factors of social support and SCL -90 （P 〈0.01 ） or （P 〈0.05）. Conclusions The general level of mental heath of local university students was relatively low. Good social support would be benefit to the graduate＇s mental health.