广西壮族自治区2005年麻疹流行病学分析

Epidemiological Analysis on Measles in Guangxi in 2005

目的了解广西2005年麻疹流行病学特征,总结麻疹控制经验。方法对广西2005年麻疹监测系统数据进行描述性流行病学分析。结果麻疹发病1 465例,发病率为2.97/10万,死亡3例,死亡率为0.006/10万。病例主要在农村,但城市存在病例高发区域,发病呈上升趋势。病例以低年龄为主,10岁以下病例占88.05%,0岁组发病率为44.00/10万,高于其他年龄组。暴发疫情造成的病例占45.26%。未接种麻疹疫苗是造成发病的主要原因。病例报告和调查比较及时,但血清学监测相关指标仍未达到要求。结论提高常规免疫接种率,及时对适龄儿童进行麻疹疫苗复种,并有计划地开展麻疹疫苗强化免疫,加强流动人口管理,消除免疫空白,是广西控制麻疹需要解决的问题。

Objective To analyze and understand the epidemic characteristics of measles in Guangxi in 2005. Methods The epidemic characteristics of measles cases from the surveillance system in 2005 were analyzed. Results 1 465 cases were reported in 2005, and the incidence of measles was 2.97/100 000, 3 cases died in 2005, the mortality was 0.006/100 000. Most of the measles cases were distributed in rural area.But there were some high- risk urban areas, where its incidence was higher than before.88.05% cases were children under 10 years old.0 - year - old group was the highest onset risk, its incidence was 44.00/100 000. 45.26 % of cases was found during the outbreak. The most important reason which led to illness was not voccinated. The ease report and investigation were in time, but it was still weak in serum surveillance. Conclusion In the future, in order to prevent and control measles in Guangxi, some measures should be taken： improving routine immunization coverage, vaccinating the second dose measles vaccine timely, carrying out supplementary immunization, strengthening management for the floating population, eliminating the immunization vacuum.