试论高校教师自我效能感及其提高策略

Views on the Self-efficacy of Colleges and Universities Teachers and the Enhancing Strategies

受到Bandura自我效能理论的启示,研究者们提出了教师效能感的概念,揭示出教师效能感的结构成分——一般教育效能感与个人教学效能感。影响教师自我效能感形成的因素主要有教师自我经验、自我认知、社会环境、学校管理及人际关系等。要提高教师效能感,必须有效建构外部环境支持系统、完善在职教师的进修制度和新教师的指导制度、建立健全教师评价反馈系统、提高教师心理健康水平及增强教师职业认同感和成就动机。

Enlightened by the Bandura＇s self- efficacy theory, the researchers put forward the concept and structure of the teacher self- efficacy, which includes general teaching efficacy and personal teaching efficacy. The factors which affect the formations of teachers＇ self- efficacy mainly consist of the self-experience, the self-cognition, the social environment, the school administration, the interpersonal relationship and so on. In order to enhance the teacher self- efficacy, we have to construct the external environment-supporting systems, improve on-duty teachers＇ further education system and the new teachers＇ instruction system, establish perfect teacher effective-appraises and feedbacks system, enhance teachers＇ psychological-health level and strengthen the teachers＇ professional recognition and the motive of the achievement.