家禽下丘脑至脊髓通路的起源和细胞构筑——HRP逆行追踪法研究

Origin and cytoarchitecture of avian hypothalamic spinal pathways ——Study with HRP retrograde transport technique

采用微电泳和微量进样技术将辣根过氧化物酶（ＨＲＰ）引入麻鸭、鹅、鸡、鸽和鹌鹑脊髓颈中部、颈膨大部和腰膨大部一侧灰质中，灌流固定，冰冻连续切片，ＢＤＨＣ法显色，中性红复染。结果发现：５种家禽下丘脑的左右双侧室旁核内出现了大量的标记细胞。ＨＲＰ引入侧的标记细胞数量多于对侧，标记细胞密集于第３脑室两侧壁的背外侧。标记细胞呈圆形或椭圆形，胞体直径为２０～３５μｍ。在下丘脑内、外细胞层中还发现了一些散在性的小型标记细胞。其形状多为梭形或椭圆形。此外，在交叉上核和乳头体核区也发现了少量标记细胞。研究结果表明：禽类的室旁核和下丘脑内、外细胞层、交叉上核和乳头体核均可向脊髓发出直接投射，且这一直接传导通路投射的范围广泛分布于脊髓的颈、胸、腰段。这一通路呈双侧性投射。

The origin and the cytoarchitecture of hypothalamic spinal pathways were studied in sheldrake, goose, chicken, pigeon and quail by means of retrograde axonal transport on HRP. The HRP was micro electrophoresised or micro injected respectively into the gray matter of mid cervicalis, intumescentia cervicalis and intumescentia lumbalis of spinal cord. Serial sections were cut using a microtome. Most labeled neurons were found in bilateral nuclei paraventricularis magnocellularis. The ipsolateral amount of labeled neurons is much more than that of the contralateral nucleus. The labeled neurons are round or ellipsoidal. A number of them were located in internal and external cellular strata of hypothalamus. They are small spindle or ellipsoidal neurons. In addition, a few labeled neurons were found in the nuclei suprachiasmaticus and nuclei supramamillaris. The results of the study show that:1, avian nuclei paraventricularis, the interanal and external cellular strata, the nuclei suprachiasmaticus and nuclei supramamillaris can project to the spinal cord directly. 2, the pathways can reach to the lumbar cord. And 3, the pathways are bilateral and mainly project to the ipsolateral spinal cord.