宁德市部分城乡居民预防艾滋病相关知识、态度、行为调查

Survey on knowledge,attitude and behavior related to AIDS among urban and rural residents in Ningde City

目的了解城乡居民预防艾滋病的知识、态度及行为的现状,探讨预防艾滋病健康教育和行为干预的有效模式。方法采用多级抽样的方法,随机抽取宁德市4个居委会,8个行政村作为调查点,采用系统抽样的方法抽取18～60岁的城乡居民736名做问卷调查。结果宁德市91.3%城乡居民听说过艾滋病,但对艾滋病仍缺乏系统、全面、深刻的了解。大部分人对艾滋病患者表示同情和关心,但也有相当一部分人存在恐惧及歧视心理。艾滋病病毒检测知晓率低及检测率极低(5.9%);仅有5.0%的人在性生活时,每次都使用安全套。农村居民艾滋病相关知识、态度上均差于城市居民。结论加强艾滋病非传播途径及预防措施的宣传教育,同时重视加强人群对艾滋病病人的人文关怀教育,加强艾滋病自愿咨询检测及安全套的推广工作,加强农村的健康教育工作,对影响城市和农村居民预防艾滋病相关知识、态度、行为具有积极意义。

Objective To understand the circumstance of knowledge, attitude and behavior related to AIDS among urban and rural residents, and explore the effective mode to carry out health education and behavior intervention to prevent AIDS. Methods 4 communities and 8 administrative villages in Ningde City were randomly sampled by multi- level sampling in the study, 736 residents with age between 18 and 60 were interviewed in questionnaire. Results 91.3% of the surveyed residents had heard AIDS. The majority of them showed their sympathy and kind to AIDS patients, whereas, fear and discrimination did exist among some of them. The rate of HIV antibody test was extremely low, accounting for 5.9%. Only 5% of the surveyed residents always used condom every time during their sex activities. The knowledge and attitude of AIDS among rural residents were significantly lower than that of urban residents. Conclusion It is very important to strengthen health education on non-transmissible routes and prevention of AIDS, improve the quality of health care to AIDS patients and reinforce VCT and condom promotion as well, especially in rural areas.