人为引起福建省水土流失的原因、危害及防治措施

Types of Man-Made Soil Errosion in Fujian Provincetheir harm and the Prevention and Controll Measures

本文论述了人为造成我省水土流失的原因有,修筑公路、铁路;开矿采石;乱砍乱伐,植被破坏;广种薄收,顺坡耕种,陡坡开荒,乱垦乱种;盲目发展砖瓦窑;兴建水利水电工程,盖楼基建工程及修建民宅;城市垃圾乱堆乱倒。造成的危害有:土壤退化、耕地损失;河道淤高、影响航道;水利设施效益降低;生态环境恶化,旱涝洪灾频繁;用材林短缺能源紧张。防治上采取可行的措施有:大力开展封山育林种草与造林种草;生物措施与工程措施相结合,治理与开发利用相结合;合理耕作与深耕施肥;落实山林政策与制止毁林开荒;广开能源,解决群众燃料。

This paper deals with the man-made factors which cause soil errosion in Fujian Provnce, such as the building of highways and railways , mining and quarrying, unlawful and uncontrolled felling of forests, and uncontrolled recl-aing of wasteland on hillsides and so on, with the harm brought about by these factors, such as the soil degeneration, the loss of cultivated land, the silting up of waterways, thr deterioration of ecological invironment and what not , and with the measures to be taken to prevent and control the srated harmful factors, such as ch-osing hillsides to live stock grajing and fuel gathering to facilitate afforestation, biological measures together with engineering measures , optimal exploitation and utliijation of natural resources, and enforcemant of the relevant policy ect.