小麦对硝(硫)脲磷肥中磷素的利用与磷复肥的肥效示踪研究

EFFECT AND UTILIZATION OF PHOSPHATES FROM NITROUREA-P AND SULFONYLUREA-P IN WHEAT BY ISOTOPTRACE

磷矿粉与硝酸或硫酸团体解磷剂干法一次加工制成两种含氮磷复合肥——硝脲磷、硫脲磷。用示踪法研究了这两种磷复肥在3种不同类型土壤上施用时，小麦对其磷素的利用和肥效，并与普通过磷酸钙、磷矿粉做了比较。结果表明，硝脲磷、硫脲膦两种复合肥对小麦全磷和干重的影响，与普钙——氮肥（以等量N、P计算）相当或略高，但小麦植株全磷中来自这两种复合肥的磷量低于普钙处理，肥料利用率也低于普钙。硝胀磷、硫脲磷使小麦植株全磷、干重增加的原因，可能是促进了土壤中难溶性磷的转化。

Two 'N-P' compound fertilzers called nitrourea-p and sulfonylurea-P were manufactured with phosphorus and a solidified nitric P-releaser or a solidified sulphuric P-releaser by dry method. Comparing with superphosphate and phosphate rock, the effects and P-utilization of these 'N-P' eompound fertilizers on wheat in three kinds of soils were studied using isotope tracer. Four treatments including nitrourea-P(NU-P), sulfonylurea-P (SU- P ). superphosphate + urea and phosphate rock +urea (equal in available P end available N) were set up. The reaults showed that the effects of NU-P, SU-P on total P content and plant dry matter of wheat were the same as or higher than that treated by the others. The pdff of NU-P and SU-P treatment was lower than that of the superphosphate treatment. Fertilizer utilisation rate was lower than that of superphosphate+urea one. Increase of the total content and dry matter in the plant was probably related to transformation of unavailable in soil treated by NU-P and SU-p.