烤烟的氯素营养与含氯钾肥施用

CHLORIDE NUTRITION AND APPLICATION OF POTASSIUM CHLORIDE IN FLUE-CURED TOBACCO

对四川典型植烟土壤上烤烟的氯素营养及施用含氯钾肥作了研究。结果表明，氯主要分布在烟株的地上部分，烟叶含氟量随施氯量的增加而增加，不同叶位的烟叶含氟量顺序为下部＞中部＞上部。施氯使氯在烟株体内的分配比例趋向稳定。根据烟叶含氯量和钾氯比所确定的适于烤烟生长的土壤含氯临界值为＜160mg／kg土施氯促进烟株对氮、钾的吸收，提高总糖含量，抑制对磷的吸收，同时也显著影响SOD、POD、PPO和NR等抗逆酶的活性。田间试验还表明以氯化钾部分代替硫酸钾为烤烟提供钾素来源是可行的，试验确定出烟叶钾氯比等于4时氯化钾代替硫酸钾的百分比（以K2O计）为总施钾量的42．38％，在此范围内，可使烟叶含氯量达到0．4％～0．6％的理想范围，而对烟叶的产量、产值及外观品质无显著负的影响。

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of applying rates of K2SO4 and KCl on the yield and qualitY of fluecured tobacco. The results showed that: with the increase of Cl rates, the Cl content in tobacco leaves increased. The magnitude order of Cl contents in flue-cured tobacco plant was leaf>stem>root, and that in leaves at different positions was lower>midddle>upper. Based on the requirement of tobacco (Cle content in leaves<1%, and K2O/Cl ratio≥4), the estimated critical level of Chlorine content in the tested soil was in the range between 0~160mg Cl/kg soil. Application of Cl increased the absorption of N, K, increased the content of soluble sugar in cured leaf, decreased P absorption of tobacco plant, and affected SOD. POD, PPO, NR activities. The result showed that K2SO4 may be partly replaced by KCl as K source for tobacco production in the neutral purple soil. According to the content of Cl and K2O/Cl equals to 4, KCl supplied 42.38% of total rates of K2O. In this KCl rate range the contents of Cl in leaves were 0. 4% ~0. 6%, and will not decrease the yield, output value and quality of flue-cured tobacco.