生活污水脱氮新技术

Innovative nitrogen removal process for domestic wastewater treatment

采用缺氧下向流生物膜滤池研究ANAMMOX工艺在城市生活污水深度处理中的效能,结果表明,ANAMMOX工艺不仅适用于处理高氨废水,也可用于城市生活污水深度处理中.实验过程中,氨氮、亚氮的消耗量及硝态氮的生成量三者之间的关系为：m（ΔNH4-N）∶m（ΔNO2-N）∶m（ΔNO3-N）=1∶（1~1.5）：（0.17~0.27）,ρ/（ΔTC）=0.3~1.3 mg/L.从总体脱氮效果考虑,进水中m（NO2-N）：m（NH4-N）=1.3∶1是获得良好脱氮效果的适宜配比.NO2-N在一定程度上的提高,有利于加快ANAMMOX反应的进程,当亚硝酸盐氮质量浓度超过118.4 mg/L时,就已不是ANAMMOX的理想状态,但此时ANAMMOX反应并没有停止,厌氧氨氧化菌仍保持较高的活性.pH可以用来判断ANAMMOX反应的进程,随着ANAMMOX反应的进行,pH升高,但当ANAMMOX反应停止时,pH趋于平稳.

The performances of anaerobic ammonium oxidation （ANAMMOX） process in nitrogen removal from secondary effluent of domestic wastewater were investigated by using a downflow anoxic biofilter. The resuits showed that ANAMMOX process is suitable for advanced wastewater treatment as well as ammonia - rich wastewater treatment. The relation between ammonium consumption, nitrite consumption and nitrate production could be found to be m （ △NH4^＋ - N） ： m （ △NO2^ - - N） ： m （ △NO3 ^- - N） = 1 ： （ 1 - 1.5 ） ： （0. 17 - 0. 27） , and the consumption of total carbon ranged from 0. 3 to 1.3 mg/L during the experiment. The results showed that ammonia removal rate were improved with increasing nitrite concentration, and the reactor rate reached a climax at 118.4 mg/L of nitrite nitrogen concentration. Beyond the concentration, the ANAMMOX process was significantly inhibited though the ANAMMOX bacteria still showed a relatively high activity. The data also indicated that the proper ratio of m （ NO2^ - - N） ： m （ NH4 ^＋ - N） in influent was 1.3： 1 to achieve excellent nitrogen removal. Besides, the data suggested that the pH could be used as an indicator to monitor the course of ANAMMOX reaction in biofilter. The pH increased steadily with the ANAMMOX reaction, and stopped changing as the reaction finished.