汉译英中主语与主题的转换

On the Transformation of Subject and Topic in C-E translation

英汉两种语言属于不同类型的语言。英语是主语突显的语言,而汉语则是主题突显的语言。根据两种语言的不同,在汉英翻译时,可以将汉语的主题句直接转换成正常的英语主谓(宾)结构。但在多数情况下,需要将汉语主题句局部甚至全部改变才能完整精确地译出原句要表达的意思,同时又符合英语语言的表达习惯。根据这一指导原则,总结出翻译汉语主题句的三种基本方法,即对应法、增译法和转换法.

English and Chinese are quite different languages. English is subject-- prominent language, whereas Chinese is topic-prominent one. In the light of its differences, we can translate topic sentence of Chinese into SV （O） structure in translation. However, we need partly even completely change Chinese topic sentence so as to express the original accurately and tally with customs of English in the most cases. Accordingly, this paper summarizes three major translating methods, namely , corresponding method, adding method and structural transformation.