液体培养基条件下乌毛蕨配子体发育的研究

Study on the Development of Gametophyte of Blechnum orientale under the Condition of Liquid Medium

在液体培养基条件下对中国产乌毛蕨(Blechnum orientaleL.)配子体发育进行了观察。结果表明:乌毛蕨的孢子为两面体型,两侧对称,极面观为椭圆形,赤道面观为半圆形或豆形,周壁具脊状褶皱;孢子萌发为书带蕨型;原叶体发育为三叉蕨型,成熟原叶体为对称的心脏形。经比较分析,蕨类植物孢子繁殖时采用混合土培养较适宜;液体培养基和混合土在研究蕨类植物配子体发育时同样具有可行性。孢子形态和配子体发育的观察结果表明,乌毛蕨是蕨类植物中较进化的种类;乌毛蕨科与鳞毛蕨科亲缘关系较近。

The gametophyte development of Blechnum orientale L. from China is observed under the condition of liquid medium in this paper. The results show that the spore of B. orientale is bilaterally symmetric, elliptic in polar view, semicircle or fabaceous in equatorial view, the lophate is formed by the perispere; The pattern of spore germination is of vittaria-type; the prothallial development is aspidium- type; The developed prothallial is cordiform. Through comparative analysis, it is feasible to make use of mixed soil to cultivate when the spores of fern develop. It is also feasible to use liquid medium in the study of the development of gametophyte. From of the view of spore morpha and gametophyte development, B. orientale is more evolutional species in fern, and close to dryopteridaceae in genetic relationship. The results try to provide some medium information for the culture of fern gametophyte and spore propagation, as weU as accumulate some data for ferns systematic.