福建铁铝土磷素吸附与磷肥有效性的探讨

STUDIES ON THE PHOSPHATE ABSORPTION AND THE AVAILABILITY OF P-FERTILIZER IN FERRASOLS IN FUJIAN PROVINCE

福建铁铝土最大吸磷量(x_m)的大小顺序依次为:黄壤>黄红壤>红壤>赤红壤>耕种赤红壤>红壤性水稻土,各类土壤磷素吸附能常数(k)的变化趋势与 x_m 值的变化基本一致.土壤游离铁、活性铁、富里酸增加,土壤 x_m 值明显增大.施用有机质使土壤 x_m 值增加,k 值下降.酸性土壤施用石灰使 x_m,k 值显著上升,其相关系数分别为0.983,0.984.酸性土壤适量施用石灰,明显提高了旱作物吸磷量,而水稻吸磷量则随石灰用量的增加而减少.小麦磷肥回收率与 x_m 值呈极显著负相关(r=-0.655),而与 k 值呈显著负相关(r=-0.466).

The maximum phosphate absorption(x_m)by ferrasols in Fujian was as follows:yellow soils>yellow red soils>lateritic red soils>dry farming red soils>dry farm- ing lateritic red liols>paddy soils derived from red soils.The constant(k)of phosphorus binding energy of various great groups of soils were similar to the variations of x_m.The x_m of soils evidently increased with increasing free ferric,active ferric and fulvic.The ap- plication of organic matter to the red soils,resulted in increase of content of P absorbed by soils and decrease of constant(k)of P binding energy of the soils.The x_m and k of soils were correlated with the amount of applying lime(r=0.983^(**),0.984^(**)).If applying lime was suitable in the acid soils,the amout of phosphorus in dry crops was evidently increased, but the amount of phosphorus in rice was reduced.The correlative degree of the rate of phosphatic fertlizer uptake in wheat with x_m and k were significant,the correlation coefficient between them was-0.655^(**),-0.446~*,respectively.