吉林西部遥感水域空间格局演变研究

Research on Evolution and Spatial Pattern of Water in the West Part of Jilin Province

水是地球上最活跃的动力因子之一,并呈现出各种形态特征,形态特征是经过长期的演化形成的,通过其形态特征揭示时空变化模式,预测未来发展趋势。应用两个时相遥感数据为基本信息源,在ARCGIS和NEVI的支持下,建立空间信息库,选取嵌块大小、边界密度、分维数、形状指数、破碎度指数等指标,对吉林西部水域景观空间格局的动态演变进行了分析。通过对吉林西部水域1979、2001年遥感数据进行水域遥感信息格局变化研究分析,1979年吉林西部水体总面积为2 018.22 km2,2001年面积为1 488.12 km2,减少了530 km2,水域景观空间格局发生了显著变化,主要影响因素是土地沙化、草地退化以及过度的人为开发、围垦等原因造成的。并对水域要素的景观指数计算来反映水域的变化特点。

Water is the most actively factor in the world and presents all kinds of configurations, which formed from a long time. We can open out the pattern of temporal and spatial change and forecast the trend of feature. Based on the remote sensing image and ARCGIS,ENVI, we set up spatial information database and chose pattern indexes, such as patch density, edge density, shape index, to analyze the evolution and spatial pattern of water in the west part of jilin province. The research indicated that, total area of water in the study area was 2 018.22 km^2 in 1979, while in 2001 reduced to 1 488.12 km^2, spatial pattern of water landscape has taken grate changes, the main effect factor is the land desertification, grassland degradation and overexploitation of human. We express the characteristic of water change based on the Landscape exponential calculating of water element.