湿地生态系统服务、功能和价值评价研究进展

Research progress on wetland ecosystem service and its valuation

随着对湿地重要性认识的加深,湿地生态系统的服务价值越来越受到人们的重视.湿地生态系统服务价值评价的成果可为制定惩处破坏者及补偿损失者政策提供科学依据.本文在界定湿地生态系统服务、功能和价值之间关系的基础上,总结了当前湿地生态系统服务功能价值评价的方法和应用特点,主要包括市场价格法、生产函数法、机会成本法、影子工程法、生产力变化法、人力资本法、旅行费用法、享乐价值法、权变价值评估和生态价值法.讨论了影响评价结果的因素及相关研究中存在的问题,并对今后的发展前景进行展望.

With the recognition on the significance of wetland, wetland ecosystem service was come under more and more attention, and its valuation could give the policymakers a scientific support in punishing wetland destroyers and compensating its losers. This paper introduced the definitions of wetland ecosystem service, its function and value, summarized their valuation approaches, including market value approach, production function method, opportunity cost approach, shadow project approach, productivity variety approach, human capital approach, travel cost approach, hedonic value approach, contingent value approach and ecological value approach, and discussed the factors affecting the valuation results of these approaches as well as the existing problems in related researches. The further research directions in these fields were also prospected.